However, these triggers do not occur during sleep, so the cause of nocturnal panic attacks is not clear. Mood changes, such as irritability and low moodĭaytime panic attacks may be caused by an environmental or external trigger or stressor.Difficulties with concentration and worsening academic or professional performance.Preoccupation with the idea of another panic attack occurring, causing fear and anxiety which may increase towards bedtime.Physical symptoms such as sweating, shaking, chills, nausea, chest pain, dizziness, and rapid heartrate.Frequently waking at night, feeling a sense of intense fear or panic upon waking. Other symptoms of nocturnal panic attacks may include : Symptoms of nocturnal panic attacks are similar to those of a daytime panic attack, although studies have found that there is a greater occurrence of breathing difficulties and choking sensations during nocturnal attacks. These differences also highlight the importance of seeking professional advice and treatment to ensure symptoms are managed appropriately and effectively. Īs such, further research into these conditions is required to ascertain a clear picture of the causes, severity, and treatment of nocturnal panic attacks. Similarly, people with only nocturnal panic attacks may require different treatment to those with only daytime or daytime and nocturnal panic attacks. įor example, panic disorder is more common in females than males, typically emerging in early adulthood, but nocturnal panic attacks without daytime panic attacks, is more common in males and above the age of 40. Studies show that the severity and prevalence of certain symptoms and the prevalence amongst age groups and genders differ between those with only nocturnal panic attacks compared to those with nocturnal and daytime panic attacks or only daytime panic attacks. There is also research to suggest that nocturnal panic may be a distinct disorder with differing causes and risk factors. Research suggests that up to two thirds of people with a diagnosis of panic disorder experience day and nighttime panic attacks, although there are many cases of people experiencing only nocturnal panic attacks with none during the day. Panic disorder is a common psychiatric condition, characterized by regular panic attacks and an ongoing fear of the reoccurrence of a panic attack. Nocturnal panic attacks are panic attacks that happen while asleep, causing the individual to wake up at night with a feeling of intense fear, and may be a severe symptom of panic disorder. Symptoms are similar to daytime panic attacks but may vary slightly and are typically treated with therapy and medication. Research is needed to examine the effects of combined cognitive-behavioral therapy and medications, compared to medication alone in the treatment of NP.Nocturnal panic attacks are a common symptom of panic disorder that occur at night, potentially causing ongoing sleep disturbances. Recent evidence supports the efficacy of this approach, however, controlled studies on pharmacological agents in the treatment of NP are lacking. Psychological treatment (cognitive-behavioral therapy) targets misappraisals of anxiety sensations, hyperventilatory response, and conditioned reactions to internal, physical cues. Assessment of NP focuses on ruling out other explanations for NP, with differential diagnosis based on interviews, sleep polysomnography and ambulatory recording of sleep. However, more precise measurement of physiological precipitants and features is warranted. In contrast to earlier work, more recent studies suggest that patients with NP do not differ from patients without NP on sleep architecture, sleep physiology, self-reported sleep quality and severity of panic disorder. This review outlines recent advances in the characterization of NP, as well as current approaches to the assessment and treatment of NP. NP is a non-REM event that is distinct from sleep terrors, sleep apnea, nightmares or dream-induced arousals. Nocturnal panic (NP), waking from sleep in a state of panic, is a common occurrence among patients with panic disorder, with 44-71% reporting at least one such attack.
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